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China publishes world’s first comprehensive dictionary of ancient bamboo and silk manuscripts_我的网站

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    Photo: Courtesy of the Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing HouseChina has unveiled the world's first comprehensive reference dictionary for the study of ancient bamboo and silk manuscripts, a discipline that has grown from early 20th-century archaeological discoveries into an international field spanning archaeology, history, law and paleography. Experts said this publication has closed a century-old academic gap in systematic scholarship in one of East Asia's most vital ancient textual disciplines. 
Published by the Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, the Dictionary of Bamboo and Silk Manuscript Studies is the world's first large-scale, authoritative lexicon to fully systematize global research on China's ancient bamboo slips, wooden tablets and silk manuscripts, the publishing house told the Global Times on Monday.
"Before paper was widely adopted, bamboo and wooden slips were China's most crucial carrier of writing, bearing the inheritance of Chinese civilization for thousands of years," Feng Shengjun, chief editor of the dictionary and vice president of the Chinese Society for the Study of Ancient Writing, told the Global Times.
"Major excavations of bamboo and silk relics have always been groundbreaking events in academic circles. By sorting out and interpreting these precious unearthed documents in a standardized dictionary form, we make the historical development of Chinese civilization clearer and more complete," Feng added, underscoring the book's foundational academic and cultural value.
The dictionary contains more than 9,000 entries and over 600 color illustrations and images. Entries cover the theory of bamboo and silk manuscript studies, excavated texts, manuscript forms and institutions, scholars and works, and preservation and research. 
Before paper became widespread, bamboo and wooden slips, along with silk fabrics, were the principal writing materials in China. Originating in the early 20th century with the discovery of Dunhuang bamboo relics, the field has evolved into an internationally recognized scholarly frontier. It integrates archaeology, ancient history, legal systems, paleography, document conservation and multiple other sectors, fueled by successive landmark discoveries including the Shanghai Museum bamboo texts, Tsinghua University bamboo slips, Yuelu Academy Qin Dynasty (221BC-206BC) manuscripts and the famed Mawangdui silk documents, said the publishing house.
    Photo: Courtesy of the Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing HouseFor generations, the fast-growing global discipline lacked a comprehensive, standardized specialized dictionary. More than 60 specialists took part, drawing on the latest Chinese and international research and working through multiple rounds of drafting, editing, review and final revision.
Zhao Hang, editor at the publishing house, told the Global Times that the volume comprehensively incorporates research achievements and academic works by Japanese and South Korean scholars, making it an important resource for foreign scholars who study bamboo and silk manuscripts. 
It is intended for specialists, early-career researchers and general readers interested in early Chinese history. The entries range from theoretical concepts to biographies of leading scholars and descriptions of major excavation sites, with cross-references designed to help readers move across disciplines.
Feng said the volume will support research into the politics, laws, economics, military affairs, thought, science and technology, ethnic groups and social life of ancient China. It will also help standardize terminology across different scholarly traditions.
The publication is part of broader state-backed efforts to advance ancient script research and document the continuity of Chinese civilization. It aims to help make texts written more than 2,000 years ago "core material evidence" for interpreting a continuous 5,000-year Chinese civilization. For the field, it added, the dictionary is a landmark in a century of bamboo and silk manuscript studies.
。    自2024年6月26日起，陪读签证申请范围得到放宽，此前只有女性长辈(妈妈或祖母)才可以作为陪读人员，如今新政策下，男性长辈将一样获得申请陪读签证的资格！那么具体在申请时有哪些步骤，都需要准备哪些材料呢？本期带你全部了解！什么是陪读签证？陪读准证，就指以陪孩子读书为目的的新加坡长期准证，属于长期访问准证的一种，特殊的是它不可以独立申请，需要依靠孩子的学生准证才可以申请，在广大低龄留学生家庭中十分常见。以下是官方的标准解释：Parent or Grandparent of a child studying in Singapore on a Student's Pass：Only one applicant (either the parent or grandparent of the child) may apply. A local sponsor who is a Singapore citizen or PR aged 21 and above is required. He/she can log in to ICA e-Service using Singpass to sponsor the application.01 申请步骤01明确陪读人员1. 一般来说，孩子的年龄需要在16周岁以下，新加坡才会同意家长陪读。2. 无论有多少个孩子在新加坡读书，一个家庭只能有一名亲属陪读。这名亲属只能是孩子的爸爸、妈妈、爷爷、奶奶、外公、外婆中的任意一人。02本地人担保申请1. 明确陪读人员后，按照文末清单准备资料。

二 | 2. 由一位新加坡本地人(PR/公民)为陪读人员进行担保并提交申请。3. 申请通过后，进行体检，并预约生物信息采集，由本地担保人陪同前往移民局办手续并领取正式签证。03签证续签1. 陪读签证是一年一续，且持续需要本地担保人进行担保。移民局会提前3个月提醒陪读人员续签。2. 续签需本地担保人使用SingPass进行操作，流程同上，体检只需两年做一次。

三 | 3. 续签成功过后，签证有效期不在原签证截止日期上顺延，而是以新的实际签发日期重新算起。

四 | 需要注意区分低龄留学中常见的以下三种身份：本地担保人 Local sponsor本地担保人是移民局要求的，负责陪读签证的申请和续签。校内联络人 Campus contact中小学的校内联络人是学校要求的，负责协助联络家长、确保家长能理解英文条款。法定监护人 Statutory guardian法定监护人是父母或父母通过法律程序指定的，可行使监护权。02 申请材料这里以孩子妈妈申请陪读签证为例：孩子1. 出生证明翻译公证2. 在读证明妈妈(陪读申请人)1. 护照首页2. 工作信息3. 国内身份证正面拍照4. 结婚证翻译公证(若离婚则提供离婚证及孩子监护权证明的翻译公证)5. 两寸白底照片(电子版和实体版都需要）爸爸孩子爸爸并不申请陪读签证，但作为父母也需要提供基本个人信息：1. 护照首页2. 工作信息爷爷/奶奶/外公/外婆爷爷奶奶等作为非父母也非陪读申请人，只需要提供基本信息即可：1. 姓名2. 生日需要注意的是，如果陪读人是爷爷奶奶外公外婆之一，则还需要提供孩子父/母的出生证明翻译公证。申请费用提交申请时付款45新币，正式换到签证再付款90新币。

五 | 结 语以上就是关于新加坡陪读签证的全部注意事项了，希望可以帮到大家，有留学或者陪读相关的任何问题，或有寻求本地担保人服务的，可以联系小助手咨询哦～。

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